Which Form 8854 Attributable 2023-2024

So in my last video, I left you with the concept of relative risk. I said there were different types of relative risk, but they are all ratios. This means they will follow the basic format of intervention over control or exposed over unexposed. If you keep this in mind, you can figure out anything. Basically, if you ever hear the term risk ratio, you will know straight away what that means. Risk is commonly used interchangeably with cumulative incidence. So, you would know that risk ratio refers to the cumulative incidence in the exposed group over the cumulative incidence in the unexposed group. The same principle applies to rate ratio, where it represents the incidence rate in the exposed group over the incidence rate in the unexposed group, and so on. Another type of relative risk is odds ratio, which represents the odds in the exposed group over the odds in the unexposed group. Relative risk is important because it measures the strength of the association between a disease and an exposure. If the relative risk is one, it implies that there is no difference in the disease outcome when exposed to the factor being measured. A relative risk less than one indicates a protective effect, where fewer people are affected by the disease. A relative risk more than one implies a detrimental effect, where the intervention or exposure harms more people than it saves. Another useful concept is population attributable risk, which measures the amount of disease statistically attributable to a specific exposure. To calculate population attributable risk, one needs to subtract the number of unexposed people with the disease from the total incidence of the disease in the population. There is also population attributable risk fraction, which considers the disease burden. To calculate this, divide the population...